MACP BYPASS VARIANTS OF STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE PBP2A SUGGEST A CONSERVED MECHANISM FOR THE ACTIVATION OF BIFUNCTIONAL CELL WALL SYNTHASES

MacP bypass variants of Streptococcus pneumoniae PBP2a suggest a conserved mechanism for the activation of bifunctional cell wall synthases

ABSTRACTThe peptidoglycan (PG) layer protects bacteria from osmotic lysis and defines their shape.The class A penicillin-binding proteins (aPBPs) are PG synthases that possess both glycan polymerization and crosslinking activities needed for PG biogenesis.In Gram-negative bacteria, aPBPs require activation by outer membrane lipoproteins, which are

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Multipartite quantum correlations in open quantum systems

In this paper, we present a measure of quantum correlation for a multipartite system, defined as the sum of the correlations for all possible partitions.Our measure can be defined for quantum discord (QD), geometric quantum discord or even for entanglement of formation (EOF).For tripartite pure states, we show that the BACKPACKS multipartite measur

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Compulsory Licensing in Intellectual Property Rights (IPR): Current Application and Future Prospects in Indonesia

The implementation of Compulsory Licensing in the procurement of anti-retroviral drugs to combat the HIV/AIDS epidemic, which poses a significant threat to Indonesia and global public health, exemplifies the essential necessity and utility of this concept.Compulsory Licensing Ladies western shirts is pivotal not only for community health but also f

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